\newenvironment{abstract}%
  {\par\normalfont\normalsize
   \noindent\hspace*{\parindent}\ignorespaces{\bf Abstract.}\enskip}
  {\par\vskip 9\p@ \@plus 1\p@ \@minus 1\p@
% \vbox{\centerline{\rule[4\p@]{28pc}{.4\p@}}}
}

\renewcommand\@makechapterhead[1]{%
 \setbox0\vbox{\authorsize\normalrm
       \begin{author@tabular}[t]{@{}l@{}}
         \let\and\authorand \@author
       \end{author@tabular}
       \par}
  {\normalsize\normalrm
   \parindent \z@
   \vspace*{-2.5\baselineskip}%
   \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
%	 \raisebox{0.5\baselineskip}[\z@]{
	 \mbox{\hspace*{\SFB@indent}}%
     \begin{minipage}[t]{\textwidth}%
       \raggedright
       \ifSFB@appendix
         {\chapnumsize\normalrm Appendix \thechapter\par}%
       \else
         {\chapnumsize\gillsbf{\thechapter\par}}%
       \fi
       \hspace*{-\SFB@indent}\rule{\textwidth}{0.25\p@}%
       \vskip -.5\p@
       {\chaptitlesize\gillsrm{#1}\par}%
       \nobreak
       \vskip 10.5\p@
       \authorsize\normalrm
       \begin{author@tabular}[t]{@{}l@{}}
         \let\and\authorand \@author
       \end{author@tabular}
       \par
		\vspace{8.5\p@}%
%       \ifdeepchapter
%         \hspace*{-\SFB@indent}\rule{\textwidth}{0.25\p@}%
%       \fi
     \end{minipage}%}%
	 \ifdim\ht0<40\p@
		\ifdim\ht0<10\p@
			\vskip47pt\rule{\textwidth}{0.25\p@}%
		\else
			\vskip-\ht0\vskip47pt\rule{\textwidth}{0.25\p@}%
		\fi%
	 \else
	    \vskip10pt\rule{\textwidth}{0.25\p@}%
	 \fi
     \vskip 2\baselineskip% caps change
  \else
     \raisebox{0.5\baselineskip}[\z@][\z@]{\mbox{\hspace*{\SFB@indent}}%
     \begin{minipage}[t]{\textwidth}%
       \raggedright
       {\chapnumsize\gillsbf{\mbox{}}\par}%
       \hspace*{-\SFB@indent}\rule{\textwidth}{0.25\p@}%
       \vskip -.5\p@
       {\chaptitlesize\gillsrm{#1}\par}%
       \nobreak
       \vskip 14.5\p@
       \ifdeepchapter
        \hspace*{-\SFB@indent}\rule{\textwidth}{0.25\p@}%
       \fi
     \end{minipage}}%
   \vskip 10.5\baselineskip% 2.5 less than the first line of text
   \vskip -25\p@
   \fi
   \par \nobreak
%   \vskip 10.5\baselineskip% 2.5 less than the first line of text
%   \vskip -25\p@
%   \ifdeepchapter \else
%     \rule{\textwidth}{0.25\p@}%
%     \vskip 2\baselineskip% caps change
%   \fi
  }%
  \deepchapterfalse
}